In this workshop, you code a class that provides input and output functionality through customized extraction and insertion operators. 

Learning Outcomes

Upon successful completion of this workshop, you will have demonstrated the abilities to

• overload the extraction and insertion operators for objects of your own class
• implement cascading in your customization

Price List - All Groups

Item Class

Design and code a class named Item that holds the price of a stock item.  Place your class definition in a header file named Item.h and your function definitions in an implementation file named Item.cpp

Upon instantiation, an Item object may receive no information or two pieces of information

• the item number
• the item's price

A valid number is positive-valued.  If upon instantiation the object receives an invalid number or a negative price, the object takes on a safe empty state.

Your class definition includes the following public member functions and helper operators:

• void operator=(double p) - resets the item's price to p
• bool empty() const - returns false if the current object contains valid data; true if it is in a safe empty state
• void display(std::ostream& os) const - inserts into os the item number left-justified in a field width of 8 followed by the item's price right-justified in a field of 10 to 2 decimal places
• std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& is, Item& i) - extracts data from is and stores it in i if the data is valid
• std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const Item& i) - inserts into os the data in i in the format described above

Place your class definition in a header file named Item.h and your function definitions in an implementation file named Item.cpp.

Client Module

The client program that uses your Item class accepts input for up to ten (10) items and displays the information in tabular form as shown on the right. 

 // Workshop 7 - Price List
 // w7.cpp

 #include <iostream>
 #include "Item.h"

 const int MAX_NO = 10;

 int main() {
     int n = 0;
     bool quit = false;
     Item item[MAX_NO];

     std::cout << "Price List\n";
     std::cout << "==========\n";

     do {
         std::cin >> item[n];
         if (item[n].empty())
             quit = true;
         else
             n++;
     } while (!quit && n < MAX_NO);
     std::cout << std::endl;
     if (!item[0].empty()) item[0] = 45.33;

     std::cout << "  Number     Price\n";
     std::cout << "------------------\n";

     for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
         std::cout << item[i] << std::endl;
 }

 Price List
 ==========
 Item Number : 234
 Price       : 45.32
 Item Number : 235
 Price       : 67.42
 Item Number : 236
 Price       : 89.76
 Item Number : 0
 Price       : 0



  Number       Price
 -------------------
 234          45.33
 235          67.42
 236          89.76

Upgrade - Group Y

Design and code the Item class described above.  Upgrade your class to include the address of a C-style null-terminated string that holds an item's description.  Your design does not place any limitiation on the number of characters in the string.

Since your Item class can process a description without limitation on length, your design should use dynamic memory allocation and include

• a copy constructor
• an assignment operator
• a destructor

Client Module

The implementation file for the main module that uses your Item class is listed on the left, while the results are shown on the right:

 // Workshop 7 - Price List
 // w7.cpp

 #include <iostream>
 #include "Item.h"

 const int MAX_NO = 10;

 int main() {
     int n = 0;
     bool quit = false;
     Item item[MAX_NO];

     std::cout << "Price List\n";
     std::cout << "==========\n";

     do {
         std::cin >> item[n];
         if (item[n].empty())
             quit = true;
         else
             n++;
     } while (!quit && n < MAX_NO);
     std::cout << std::endl;
     if (!item[0].empty()) item[0] = 45.33;

     std::cout
      << "  Number     Price Description\n"; 
     std::cout
      << "------------------------------\n";

     for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
         std::cout << item[i] << std::endl;
 }

 Price List
 ==========
 Item Number : 234
 Price       : 45.32
 Description : Shirt
 Item Number : 235
 Price       : 67.42
 Description : Drill
 Item Number : 236
 Price       : 89.76
 Description : Frying Pan
 Item Number : 0
 Price       : 0
 Description :


   Number     Price Description 
 ------------------------------
 234          45.33 Shirt
 235          67.42 Drill
 236          89.76 Frying Pan

SUBMISSION

Typescript

Create a typescript of your complete solution using the following commands: 

 + At the prompt, type: script w7.txt
 + At the prompt, type: whoami
 + At the prompt, type: cat Item.h Item.cpp
 + At the prompt, type: g++ -o w7 w7.cpp Item.cpp 
 + At the prompt, type: w7
 + At the input prompt, enter test data
 + At the prompt type: exit

These commands will produce a file named w7.txt.  Download this file to your local computer. 

Moodle

Upload your typescript file to Moodle: 

• Login to Moodle
• Select your course code
• Select W7 under Assignments and Tasks
• Upload w7.txt
• Write a short note to your instructor
  • press "Edit"
  • enter your conclusions about this workshop in the notes textbox
  • press "Save Changes"
• When ready to submit, press "Send for Marking"

Other Submissions

Submit your typescript file as your instructor has specified.